The FSS: Lowe Report

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Manual Pages 300-325
PDF ref: 02-volumeII-apensoI-pages18-43
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TRANSLATION

Witness deposition
(Criminal Procedure Rules, r27.1 (1);
Criminal Justice Act 1967, s.9; Magistrates' Courts Act 1980, s.5B)


Deposition of: JOHN ROBERT LOWE BSc CBiol MlBiol RFP Age: Older than 18

Profession of Witness: Forensic Scientist

Address of Witness:
Forensic Science Service Ltd.,
Birmingham Laboratory, Priory House, Gooch Street North,
Birmingham, B5 6QQ

With respect to:
References FSS: 300 655 190 / 400 947 125
References Client: 07/06085, 201/07.0GALGS
CJS URN:

I declare that:
This deposition (consisting of twenty two pages signed by me) corresponds to the truth, to the best of my knowledge, and I give it knowing that, if it is presented as evidence, I could be subject to [lit: the target of] penal action in the case I had deliberately declared something that I knew to be false or that I thought was not the truth;
I declare also that,
I am expert in the area of forensic sciences and that I was asked to give a deposition. I confirm that I have read the directions [guidance] in the pamphlet Disclosure: Expert's evidence and unused material [Divulgacao: provas periciais e material nao utilizado] that specifies my functions and documents my responsibilities, with respect to the quality of the disclosure of an expert witness. I followed that guidance and understand the ongoing nature of my responsibilities in terms of disclosure. In accordance with my duties of disclosure, as documented in the guidance pamphlet, I:

a. confirm that I complied with my duty to record, to conserve and to divulge material, in accordance with the Law relating to Investigations and the Penal Process, of 1996, as amended;

b. compiled an index of all the material. I assure that such index will be updated in the case additional material is delivered to me or comes forth [emerges];

c. am advised that in the case my opinion changes relative to any determining [decisive/conclusive] question, I am obligated [obliged] to inform the person responsible for the investigation, as soon as possible, presenting him with my reasons.

Signed: [Signature appended]
Data: 18 Junho 2008

FSS-GF-679 Emissao 2, Pagina 1

Qualifications and Experience

I have a degree in Sciences in the areas of Microbiology and Biochemistry. I am a Chartered Biologist [Note: the highest status achievable by a professional biologist], a member of the Institute of Biology, a forensic doctor enrolled in the Order and aforensic scientist in the Birmingham Laboratory of the Forensic Science Service. My area of specialty is the examination of biological evidence including the analysis of spots of body fluid and the interpretation of DNA profile results.

Information

Based on the information furnished by the Leicestershire Constabulary and the Policia Judiciaria, I was informed that, allegedly, on 3 May 2007 Madeleine McCann disappeared from apartment 5A, Ocean Club, na Praia da Luz, Lagos, Portugal.

My examinations, interpretations and conclusions are in line with the statements of information available during the examination. In the case there are alterations relating to that information, I shall have to reconsider the conclusions that I drew in the light of the new circumstances. Additional information will have to be furnished prior to any trial.

Receipt of the objects

Some of the objects that were collected from apartment 5A and from a vehicle, Renault 'Scenic' (matricula 59-DA-27), hired by Gerry e Kate McCann when they were in Portugal. Those objects were delivered to theForensic Science Service(R) by the Police Science Laboratory.

FSS-GF-679 Emissao 2, Pagina 2

At the same time, reference samples from those Portuguese police officers who had been active in the crime scene were delivered.

The Forensic Science Service(R) received the [above] objects on 7 August 2007, in sealed, secure packages.

On 8 August 2007, the Forensic Science Service(R) received a piece of cloth/cotton wool (object MJN994) from Leicestershire Constabulary. That object was inside a sealed package.

On 12 October 2007, the Forensic Science Service(R) received a blood spot in a cardboard frame (object JRB/1) from Leicestershire Constabulary. That object was inside a sealed package.

Objective

Th objective of the laboratory examination was to examine the presented objects with respect to the presence of blood, cellular material and hair that may prove to be [have been] from Madeleine McCann or one or other member of her family, or from any of the Portuguese police who had been active [working/present] at the crime scene.

Technical questions

Establishment of the DNA profile

In this case two types of DNA analysis were used: the standard technique called SGM+ and a more precise one called Low Copy Number (LCN).

FSS-GF-679 Emissao 2, Pagina 3

Both techniques look at the same regions of DNA, thereby allowing a comparison to be made between DNA profiles obtained through SGM+ with those obtained through LCN.

Establishment of the DNA profile through SGM Plus

DNA is a complex chemical found in almost every cell of the human body. It carries genetic information that determines the physical and chemical characteristics of a person.

DNA analysis uses a technique in which specific regions [areas] are seen and copied (or amplified) many times. A DNA profile obtained from biologicalmaterial , such as blood, semen, saliva or hair may be compared with a DNA profile obtained from a reference sample of any person. In the case that the DNA profile of the particular person is different from the DNA profile of the biologicalmaterial, then that person is not the source of that material . If the profiles are equal [match], then that person, together with other persons having the same DNA profile, may be considered as a potential source of thematerial.

The significance [import] of a match may then be analysed in relation to the probability of obtaining that match by chance.

Establishment of the DNA profile through LCN

i) in this case, the protocols used on samples collected from a crime scene serve, essentially, to increase the precision of the [chemical] reactions in the establishment of the DNA profile and, consequently, to increase the possibility to detect extremely small quantities of DNA in a sample. This is achieved through increasing the number of amplification cycles.

FSS-GF-679 Emissao 2, Pagina 4

ii) These procedures to establish a DNA profile are applied in the laboratory when routine tests that require a minimum quantity of DNA to be extracted have proven to be, or are considered, inappropriate for successful analyses of a specific sample. This may have to [be done with] a small quantity of cellularmaterial available for tests and/or [due to] the condition of the spot [speck], that can affect the quality of DNA and its effective [efficient] amplification.

iii) Increasing the number of amplification cycles has the effect of significantly increasing the sensitivity of the technique, such that, theoretically, only some [a few] cells are necessary for a successful analysis. The profiles generated in this way should [must] be interpreted in relation to the circumstances of the case and, in particular, to the possibility of detection of quantities of vestigial DNA originating from unknown sources.

iv) A observacao de perfis STR mistos (isto e, de mais de um individuo) pode ser prevenida quando estas condicoes se verificam.
TRANSLATOR'S NOTE: This sentence can have several meanings. The literal translation is:
"The observation of mixed STR profiles (that is, from more than one person) may be prevented when those conditions occur."
If, however, the writer is intending to convey a linkage with his previous paragraph, it can be translated as:
"Mixed DNA profiles may be predicted [alternative meaning of 'prevenir': to warn; to forewarn] when those conditions [from the previous paragraph, i.e. the possibility of unknown sources] occur.
We would need to see the actual English report written by Lowe to understand his intended meaning.

[/i]Experimental data is available that permits a scientist to assess some questions relating to the transference and persistance of low-level DNA in objects and if they can be put together in [whether they - the questions/assessments - are relevant to] this case. Hence, consideration must be given to the manner in which the detected DNA was transferred to the object and, consequently, the relevance of the discovery of the corresponding DNA profiles to those individuals concerned.[/i]

TRANSLATOR'S NOTE: The entire paragraph above was fraught with difficulty, mainly because of its relevance and importance when we read several of Lowe's analyses later on in the report. The encountered difficulty raised the question in my mind as to whether the English-to-Portuguese translator, Lieve van Loock, simply converted written words - as I am attempting to do in reverse - or if (s)he actually had access to Lowe in order to question his intended meaning. If the former then (s)he, like me, was faced with the need to decide on an intended meaning before selecting the words to be written in the translation. In other words, I could be attempting to translate a mis-translation of the original English.
Having said that, however, the above difficulty does not detract from the interpretation of what Lowe said in his individual analyses, as we shall see later.

FSS-GF-679 Emissao 2, Pagina 5

v) All the preparations of DNA were done in duplicate, conforming to procedure when protocols pertaining to increased sensitivity are applied. It [this] is required [in order] to attain reproducible results before the strips of DNA observed in the profiles will be considered as a true representation of the DNA present in this [the] sample.

My interpretation(s), conclusions and methods of work took into account all of the above aspects.
[Alternatively: I was mindful of all the above aspects when performing my work, when making my interpretations, and drawing my conclusions.]

In the appendix at the end of this statement additional details are furnished about the procedures used in obtaining the DNA profiles.

Analysis and Results

I performed analyses in this case with the help of scientific support personnel. A list of those people was made in the Record [register] of Forensic Examination, which I present as object [document] JRL/FER/1a. A complete record of work performed, with notes made at the time of the work, exists under the reference 300 655 190. Those notes are available for verification [examination] in the laboratory, if required.

Oral swabs of reference material

CB/1 Gerald McCann
CB/2 Kate McCann (nee Healy)
SBM/2 Amelie McCann
SBM/3 Sean McCann

My colleague, Sarah Vraitch, furnished me with copies of reference DNA profiles of the above individuals. Each of the profiles was different from the others.

FSS-GF-679 Emissao 2, Pagina 6

14 Pedro Vilhena
286/2007CRL22 Fernando Viegas
286/2007CRL23 Lino Henriques
286/2007CRL24 Bruno Antunes

The DNA profiles of these persons were obtained from their respective samples. The profiles were not only different from each other, they were different from those of the McCann family.

Reference sample of blood

JRB/1 Madeleine McCann
From this sample was obtained a DNA reference sample that was different from those of her immediate family, described above. This DNA profile was the same as that obtained from possible spots of saliva existing on the pillowcase (SJM/1).

Objects attributed to the motor vehicle Renault 'Scenic' (matricula 59-DA-27)

286C/2007-CRL1 D Nail ([human] hand)
From this fragment of a nail from the finger of a [human] hand, a DNA result was obtained through the LCN technique which corresponded to Gerald McCann. In the same result an additional DNA component, unique and unconfirmed, was found that left no room for any other interpretation.

FSS-GF-679 Emissao 2, Pagina 7

286C/2007-CRL2E Nail (hand)
From this fragment ... a DNA result was obtained through the LCN technique which corresponded to Kate Healy. In the same DNA result were found two more DNA components, one of which was not confirmed; these DNA components left no room for any other interpretation.

286C/2007-CRL10 Baggage compartment
This object comprised two sections of the baggage compartment of the Renault Scenic, the first being a baggage compartment lined with fabric with ventilation holes (designated in the UK laboratory as CRL/10(1)) and, the second a moulded plastic extension (designated in the laboratory as CRL/10(2)).

A mixed, low-level DNA result, appearing to be from at least three people, was obtained from the cellular material collected (harvested) from the baggage compartment lined with fabric (286C/2007-CRL/10(1)) of the motor vehicle. That sample was submitted to tests to obtain DNA profiles through the LCN technique.

A DNA result through the LCN technique, which appeared to be from at least three persons, was obtained from the cellular material collected (harvested) from the baggage compartment lined with fabric (286C/2007-CRL/10(1)). In my opinion, this result is too complex to make a meaningful interpretation.

FSS-GF-679 Emissao 2, Pagina 8

The attempt to obtain a DNA profile from any cellular material collected from the plastic area on the baggage compartment (286C/2007-CRL /10(2)) was unfruitful [fruitless, in vain, useless, unproductive, unsuccessful], because no DNA profile was obtained.

A mixed, low-level DNA result, that appeared to be from at least two persons, was obtained from a second area of the baggage compartment plastic (286C/2007-CRL /10(2)). This sample was submitted for tests to obtain DNA profiles through LCN.

A DNA result by complex LCN that appeared to be from at least three persons, was obtained from cellular material collected on the section of the baggage compartment 286C 2007 CRL10 (2) area 2. In my opinion, that result is too complex for a meaningful interpretation.

An incomplete, low-level DNA profile that matched corresponding components in the profile of Gerald McCann was obtained from cellular material present on the card key? (286C/2007-CRL (12)). I guess this is the fob of the car-keys

My colleague, Andrew Palmer, submitted various hair collected from the Renault Scenic for tests, using ... LCN.
Those hairs were designated as 7B hair 1 and 7C hairs 7, 13 e 15. Attempts to obtain a DNA profile of each hair by LCN was unfruitful, because no DNA profile was obtained by LCN, possibly due to there being an insufficient quantity of good quality DNA.

FSS-GF-679 Emissao 2, Pagina 9

Objects attributed to the Apartment 5A of the Ocean Club

286/2007-CRL (1) Pieces of floor-tile identified as number 1
A DNA result by LCN, that appeared to be from at least three persons and that was too complex for a meaningful interpretation, was obtained from the cellular material collected from these floor tiles.

286/2007-CRL (2) Pieces of floor-tile identified as number 2
An inconclusive, incomplete DNA result, consisting of only some unconfirmed DNA components, was obtained from the cellular material recovered from the edges of floor-tile 2 from the apartment floor. The attempt to obtain a DNA profile from any cellular material recovered from the larger area of floor-tile 2 was unfruitful, given that it was not possible to obtain any DNA profile. These samples were then subjected to LCN analysis.

An incomplete, low-level DNA result was obtained through LCN from cellular material in an area of floor-tile 2. In my opinion, there is not any positive proof that supports the theory of any of the members of the McCann family to have contributed DNA to this result. A DNA result was obtained through LCN consistent with only one DNA component from a second area of floor-tile 2. In my opinion, this component leaves no room for any other interpretation.

286/2007-CRL (3) Pieces of floor-tile identified as number 3
The attempts to a DNA profile from any cellular material in two areas of this floor-tile were unfruitful, given that no DNA profile was obtained. These samples were submitted for LCN analysis.

FSS-GF-679 Emissao 2, Pagina 10

A DNA result that consisted of only some DNA components was obtained through LCN analysis of cellular material recovered from one area of floor-tile 3. In my opinion, this result left no room for any other interpretation. The attempt made the obtain a DNA profile through LCN from a second area of floor-tile 3 was unfruitful, given that no profile was obtained.

286/2007-CRL (4) Pieces of floor-tile identified as number 4
Low-level DNA results were obtained through LCN from cellular material present in swabs collected from these floor-tiles. In my opinion, this resuly contained information too meagre [scanty/poor] to permit a meaningful comparison.

286/2007-CRL (5) Pieces of floor-tile identified close to number 1
The attempt to obtain a DNA result through the LCN technique from some cellular material present in swabs collected from the marks [spots] 1, 2 and 3 were unfruitful, given that no DNA profile was obtained.

286/2007-CRL (6) Pieces of skirting board identified as number 1
A DNA result that appeared to be from at least three persons and that was too complex to permit a meaningful interpretation was obtained through LCN from these objects.

FSS-GF-679 Emissao 2, Pagina 11

286/2007-CRL (7) Pieces of skirting board identified as number 2
A DNA result that appeared to be from at least three persons and that was too complex to permit a meaningful interpretation was obtained through LCN from cellular material recovered from these objects.

286/2007-CRL (8) Pieces of skirting board identified as numbers 2 and 3
A DNA result that appeared to be from at least three persons and that was too complex to permit a meaningful interpretation was obtained through LCN from cellular material recovered from these objects.

286/2007-CRL (9) Pieces of skirting board identified as number 3
A DNA result that contained information too meagre to permit a meaningful interpretation was obtained through LCN from cellular material present in swabs collected from these objects.

286/2007-CRL (10) Pieces of skirting board identified as number 4
A DNA result that appeared to be from at least three persons and that was too complex to permit a meaningful interpretation was obtained through LCN from cellular material recovered from these objects.

FSS-GF-679 Emissao 2, Pagina 12

286/2007-CRL (11) Pieces of skirting board identified close to number 1
A DNA result that appeared to be from at least three persons and that was too complex to permit a meaningful interpretation was obtained through LCN from cellular material recovered from these objects.

286/2007-CRL (12) Pieces of skirting board identified close to number 4
Low-level DNA results were obtained through LCN from cellular material present in swabs collected from these objects. In my opinion, there exists no proof that supports the theory that any member of the McCann family had contributed DNA to these results.

286/2007-CRL (13) Residual/small fragments in the area of the skirting board.
The attempt to obtain a result through LCN from any cellular material that may have been in these fragments was unfruitful, given that no profile was obtained, possibly due to the absence of sufficient good quality DNA.

286/2007-CRL (14) Dust/small fragments in the area of the floor tiles
This object was not adequate to perform DNA profile tests.

FSS-GF-679 Emissao 2, Pagina 13

286/2007-CRL (15) Cement-glue [grouting] between the floor tiles
The attempt to obtain a result through LCN from any cellular material that may have been in these fragments was unfruitful, given that no profile was obtained, possibly due to the absence of sufficient good quality DNA.

286/2007-CRL (16) Cement-glue [grouting] between the floor tiles identified as number 1
A DNA profile that did not match any [of the five members] of the McCann family was obtained through LCN from cellular material recovered in that area.

286/2007-CRL (17) Cement-glue [grouting] between the floor tiles identified as number 2
A DNA profile that appeared to be from at least two sources was obtained through LCN from cellular material recovered in that area. In my opinion, the major part of the profile matched that of Lino Henriques. Breaking [departing] from the principle, for it to have had a DNA contribution from Lino Henriques then the remaining information in the smaller part of the result is too meagre to permit a meaningful interpretation.

286/2007-CRL (18) Cement-glue [grouting] between the floor tiles identified as number 3
The attempt to obtain a result through LCN from any cellular material that may have been in these fragments was unfruitful, given that no profile was obtained, possibly due to the absence of sufficient good quality DNA.

FSS-GF-679 Emissao 2, Pagina 14

286/2007-CRL (19) Cement-glue [grouting] between the floor tiles identified as number 4
The attempt to obtain a result through LCN from any cellular material that may have been in these fragments was unfruitful, given that no profile was obtained, possibly due to the absence of sufficient good quality DNA.

286/2007-CRL (20) Fragments of floor tile and grouting
The attempt to obtain a result through LCN from any cellular material that may have been in these fragments was unfruitful, given that no profile was obtained, possibly due to the absence of sufficient good quality DNA.

286/2007-CRL (21) Fragments of bush/shrubbery
Insofar as it relates to this sample, the examination performed was aimed at the detection of the possible presence of blood, no trace thereof having been found. Particles from the superficial surface layer were recovered and preserved in a way similar to that of hairs and fibres. In my opinion, the capillary roots were not good quality as they were not adequate to perform DNA profile tests.

286/2007-CRL (22, 23 e 24) Oral swabs for elimination
A new deposition to report the examination of these objects will be presented at a future time along with the DNA profiles obtained to date from all the DNA results relating to this case.

[QUESTION for the forum: Has anyone heard of such a new deposition or overall report - in detail or in summary?]

FSS-GF-679 Emissao 2, Pagina 15

286A/2007-CRL 1A & B Swabs collected from the floor of the apartment
An incomplete DNA result, apparently originating from a male individual but not matching any other profile obtained in this case, was obtained through LCN from the cellular material present in the combined swabs.

286A/2007-CRL 2A & B Swabs collected from the floor of the apartment
A mixed DNA result, apparently originating from at least two people, was obtained through LCN from the cellular material present in the combined swabs. In my opinion, there are no indications that justify [confirm/prove] the theory that any member of the McCann family had contributed DNA to this result.

286A/2007-CRL 3A& B Swabs collected from the floor of the apartment
An incomplete and weak DNA result comprising only some unconfirmed DNA components was obtained from the cellular material present in the dry swab (3A). The attempt to obtain a result from any cellular material that may have been in the same area and present in the wet swab (3B) was unfruitful, given that no profile was obtained. These samples were submitted for LCN tests.

An incomplete DNA result was obtained through LCN from cellular material present in the swab (286A/2007 CRL 3A). The low-level DNA result showed very meagre information indicating more than one person. Departing from the principle that all confirmed DNA components within the scope of this result originated from a single source, then these pointed to corresponding components in the profile of Madeleine McCann; however, if the DNA within the scope of this result originated from more than one person then the result could be explained as being DNA originating from [a mixture of DNA from both] Kate Healy and Gerald McCann, for example. DNA profiles established through LCN are extremely sensitive; it is not possible to attribute this DNA profile to a particular body fluid. nor to determine how or when that DNA was transferred to that area.

FSS-GF-679 Emissao 2, Pagina 16

A low-level DNA result was obtained through LCN from the cellular material present in the swab (286A/2007 CRL 3B). In my opinion, there are no indications that justify [confirm/prove] the theory that any member of the McCann family had contributed DNA to this result.

286A/2007-CRL 4A & B Swabs collected from the wall of the apartment
An incomplete DNA result, apparently originating from a female individual, was obtained through LCN from the cellular material present in the combined swabs. In my opinion, there are no indications that justify [confirm/prove] the theory that any member of the McCann family had contributed DNA to this result.

286A/2007-CRL 5A & B Swabs collected from the wall of the apartment
A mixed DNA result, apparently originating from at least two persons, was obtained through LCN from the cellular material present in the combined swabs. In my opinion, there are no indications that justify [confirm/prove] the theory that any member of the McCann family had contributed DNA to this result. In my opinion, Fernando Viegas could have contributed DNA to this result.

FSS-GF-679 Emissao 2, Pagina 17

286A/2007-CRL 6A & B Swabs collected from the wall of the apartment
The DNA results obtained through LCN from cellular material present in these combined swabs contained information too meagre to permit a meaningful comparison.

286A/2007-CRL 7A & B Swabs collected from the wall of the apartment
A mixed DNA result, apparently originating from at least two persons, was obtained through LCN from the cellular material present in the combined swabs. In my opinion, there are no indications that justify [confirm/prove] the theory that any member of the McCann family had contributed DNA to this result.

286A/2007-CRL 8A & B Swabs collected from the wall of the apartment
The DNA results obtained through LCN from cellular material present in these combined swabs contained information too meagre to permit a meaningful comparison.

286A/2007-CRL 9A & B Swabs collected from the wall of the apartment
An incomplete DNA result, apparently originating from a male individual, was obtained through LCN from the cellular material present in the combined swabs. In my opinion, there are no indications that justify [confirm/prove] the theory that any member of the McCann family had contributed DNA to this result. Also, this result did not match in any way the profile obtained from swabs 286A/2007 CRL 1A & B.

FSS-GF-679 Emissao 2, Pagina 18

286A/2007-CRL 10A & B Swabs collected from the wall of the apartment
A mixed DNA result, apparently originating from at least two persons, was obtained through LCN from the cellular material present in the combined swabs. In my opinion, there are no indications that justify [confirm/prove] the theory that any member of the McCann family had contributed DNA to this result.

286A/2007-CRL 11A & B Swabs collected from the wall of the apartment
The attempt to obtain a DNA result through LCN from all and any cellular material recovered from these combined swabs was unfruitful, given that no profile was obtained, possibly due to the absence of sufficient good quality DNA.

286A/2007-CRL 12A & B Swabs collected from the wall of the apartment
A mixed DNA result, apparently originating from at least two persons, was obtained through LCN from the cellular material present in the combined swabs. In my opinion, there is no evidence that supports the theory that any member of the McCann family had contributed DNA to this result.

FSS-GF-679 Emissao 2, Pagina 19

286A/2007-CRL 13A & B Swabs collected from the wall of the apartment
The attempt to obtain a DNA result through LCN from all and any cellular material recovered from these combined swabs was unfruitful, given that no profile was obtained, possibly due to the absence of sufficient good quality DNA.

286A/2007-CRL 14A & B Swabs collected from the rear of the sofa
Weak and incomplete DNA results consisting only of some unconfirmed DNA components were obtained from the cellular material present in these wet and dry swabs. In my opinion the results are not adequate for comparison purposes. These samples were submitted for LCN analysis.

A mixed, low-level DNA result was obtained through LCN from the cellular material present in each of the swabs. In my opinion, there are no conclusive indications that justify [confirm/prove] the theory that any member of the McCann family had contributed DNA to these results.

FSS-GF-679 Emissao 2, Pagina 20

286A/2007-CRL 15A & B Swabs collected from the rear of the sofa
A weak and incomplete DNA result showing indications as having come from more than one person was obtained from the cellular material present in dry swab (15A) effected on the rear of the sofa. In my opinion the result is not adequate for comparison purposes. These samples were submitted for LCN analysis.

A DNA result, apparently originating from at least three persons of whom at least two were male and contributed the majority of the DNA, was obtained from the cellular material present in the wet swab (15B) effected on the rear of the sofa. In my opinion, there are no conclusive indications that justify the theory that any member of the McCann family had contributed DNA to this result.

An incomplete, low-level DNA result, comprising only some DNA components, was obtained through LCN from the cellular material present in the dry swab (15A). In my opinion, there are no conclusive indications that justify the theory that any member of the McCann family had contributed DNA to this result.

The wet swab (15B) was not submitted for further LCN anaysis.

FSS-GF-679 Emissao 2, Pagina 21

286A/2007-CRL 16 & 16B Two blue curtains and one white curtain
286B/2007-CRL 1 One white section of a curtain

These curtains were analysed for traces of blood, semen and saliva, none of which were detected. The hem of one of the blue curtains (16) was swabbed to collect any cellular material that might exist. An incomplete, inconclusive DNA result consisting only of two unconfirmed DNA components was obtained. In my opinion the result is not adequate for comparison purposes. The sample was submitted for LCN analysis.

An incomplete, low-level DNA result, comprising only some DNA components, was obtained through LCN from the cellular material recovered from the hem of one the curtains. In my opinion, this result contained information too meagre to permit a meaningful interpretation.

Object attributed to Leicestershire Police

HQ MJN/994 Cloth / piece of cotton wool
The object consisted a plastic bag containing a piece of cloth around cotton wool which showed orange and brown spots. No blood was detected.

FSS-GF-679 Emissao 2, Pagina 22

Object sent to Mr & Mrs McCann, Rothley, Leicester
EMJ/53 Envelope

The envelope flap was swabbed to recover any cellular material that might exist. An incomplete, low-level DNA result was obtained through LCN which, in my opinion, was too complex to permit meaningful interpretation.

The attempt to obtain a DNA result through LCN from all and any cellular material that might have existed on the gum of the envelope was unfruitful, given that no DNA profile was obtained.

Conclusion

In my opinion, the laboratory results that were attained did not help to clarify whether or not the DNA results obtained within the scope of this case were from Madeleine McCann.

FSS-GF-679 Emissao 2, Pagina 23
============================
A summary of the results in the report:

Code:
Summary
Total samples/tests in report 64
Sample incomplete 16 times
DNA attempt "unfruitful" 15 times
No support for "theory" 13 times
Sample mixed 10 times
Sample too complex 9 times
Sample low-level 9 times
Sample too meagre 7 times
Named matches 6 times 3xfamily; 2xpolice; 1xMBM
Not tested 3 times WHY not?
Inadequate for testing 2 times
Unmatched profile 1 time Why not followed up?
---------------------------------------
At least 2 people 10 times
At least 3 people 11 times


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ETA(1): pages 8 and 9; (2) pages 10-13; (3) pages 14-23; (4) added the results summary

Processos Vol IX

Pages 2280 to 2281

THE FORENSIC SCIENE SERVICE
WETHERBY LABORATORY, SANDBECK WAY, AUDBY LANE, WETHERBY, WEST YORKSHIRE, LS22 7DN


FORENSIC REPORT

Officer in case: Det Supt Prior

Client: Leicestershire Police, New Parks

Police reference: 07/06085 Operation TASK

Laboratory reference: 300 655 190

Order reference: 400 913 6069

Scientist: Lesley Denton

Number of pages: 2


Re: Abduction of Madeleine McCann on 3rd May 2007

A DNA profile has been obtained from the reference samples of Kate HEALY (51162896) and Gerald McCANN (511622897).

A DNA profile has also been obtained from a pillowcase (SJM/1).

DNA profiling reveals a series of bands, half of which a child inherits from their natural mother (maternal) and half of which it inherits from their natural father (paternal).

In this case, all of the bands present in the profile of obtained from the pillowcase are represented in the combined profiles of Kate HEALY and Gerald McCANN. This what I would expect to find in the profile obtained from the pillowcase originated from a natural child of theirs.

The results of the DNA profile obtained from the pillowcase is approximately 29 million times more likely if the profile originates from a natural child of theirs rather than someone unrelated to them.

In my opinion, the results detailed above provide extremely strong support for the view that the profile obtained from the pillowcase originates from a natural child of Kate HEALY and Gerald McCANN.

Please note: I understand that the McCANN’s have a second female child. It therefore remains a formal possibility that the DNA on the pillowcase could have originated from her as the genetics would be in keeping with those described above.

If I can be of further assistance or you require a CJA statement please do not hesitate to contact me at the laboratory on 01937 548287.

Yours sincerely,


Lesley Ann Denton
FORENSIC SCIENTIST
Date: 28 June 2007

Processos Vol IX

2287 to 2288

THE FORENSIC SCIENE SERVICE
WETHERBY LABORATORY, SANDBECK WAY, AUDBY LANE, WETHERBY, WEST YORKSHIRE, LS22 7DN


FORENSIC REPORT

Officer in case: Det Supt Prior

Client: Leicestershire Police, New Parks

Police reference: 07/06085 Operation TASK

Laboratory reference: 300 655 190

Order reference: 400 922 755

Scientist: Lesley Denton

Number of pages: 2

Re: Abduction of Madeleine McCann on 3rd May 2007

A DNA profile has been obtained from the reference samples of Amelie Eve McCANN (SBM/2) and Sean Michael McCANN (SBM/3).

In this case, all of the bands present in the profiles of both Amelie McCANN and Sean McCANN are represented in the combined profiles of Kate HEALY and Gerald McCANN. This is what I would expect to find if Amelie McCANN and Sean Michael McCANN were their natural children.

Neither the DNA profile of Amelie McCANN nor Sean McCANN matches that from the pillowcase (SJM/1) and therefore in my opinion, neither Amelie McCANN nor Sean McCANN can be the source of this profile.

If I can be of further assistance or you require a CJA statement please do not hesitate to contact me at the laboratory on 01937 548287.

Yours sincerely,


Lesley Ann Denton
FORENSIC SCIENTIST
Date: 18 July 2007

Vol IX

Page 2282

Date 2007.08.21

Letter from the FSS

Destruction of Samples


Investigating officer. Stuart Prior


A – Perishable samples.

Certain samples constitute a potential health risk. With the concurrence of the Home Office, it has been decided that such samples will not be submitted to the courts unless specifically requested by the Defence. (This is an extension of the procedures for the disposal of blood samples previously agreed by the Lord Chief Justice, the Director of Public Prosecutions and the former Chief Metropolitan Magistrate.

The laboratory has examined one or more of the samples listed below. They will not be returned to you but will be destroyed in due course unless we are requested by the Defence to preserve them. You should notify the Defence solicitors in accordance with Home Office circulars 40/73 and 74/82 which allow a period of 21 days in which notice in writing must be given, by the defendant or his legal representative to the laboratory to prevent the samples being destroyed.

- Blood samples.
- Saliva samples.
- Swabs from body orifices.
- Other swabs bearing potentially hazardous material.
- Vomit, faeces, urine, etc.

The above list includes perishable personal samples, the destruction of which is required by Section 64 of the Police and Criminal Evidence Act (1984).

B – Non-Perishable samples

The destruction of other, non-perishable personal samples is required by Section 64 of the Police and Criminal Evidence Act. These include:

- Control head hair samples.
- Control pubic hair samples.
- Finger nail samples.
- Casts- e.g of teeth or feet.

Except as below those non-perishable personal samples are returned to you as parts of exhibits for production at court, etc. The laboratory is not responsible for their destruction.

The part of these samples which were removed for examination, will be retained by the laboratory for the period of time as specified in the MOU for Retained Materials (3, 7 or 30 years) from the date of this notice to allow access to other legitimate parties. After this period, in the absence of written instruction to the contrary, the retained samples will be destroyed and a record made of their destruction.

Signed.

Dated 21st August 2007.

Page one of one

albym wrote:
After some scrounging, a lot of reverse-engineering and a final confirmation from nicked, I think this is the summary of materials:

Cross-reference to Lowe(final) and Palmer reports:
Delivery 286: 24 items listed
- All referenced in Lowe(final);
- Items 1-20 all NON-perishable; No record found of their having been returned to PT;
- Items 21-24 perishable - profiles obtained from 3; bush unfruitful.
Delivery 286A: 33 items listed
- All referenced in Lowe(final);
- Items 1-15 A&B (30 items) all perishable;
- Items 16 (2 pieces) and 16B (curtains) not perishable; No record found of their having been returned to PT.
- Item 16 (one blue curtain) and 16B (white curtain) not tested.
Delivery 286B: 1 item listed
- Referenced in Lowe(final);
- (curtain section) not perishable and not tested. No record found of it having been returned to PT.
Delivery 286C: 34 items listed
- Items 1D, 2E, 10, 12 and 14 (profile) referenced in Lowe(final);
- Items 1-9, 11 (all hairs and fibres) referenced in Palmer report;
- Items 13 and 15 not referenced in either report;
- Item 14 perishable;
- Items 1-13 and 15 non-perishable: and record found of their return to PT.

Overall Summary:
- 92 items listed;
- 90 items referenced in the two reports;
- 35 items perishable, presumed consumed, stored or destroyed per FSS rules;
- 33 non-perishable items: record found of their return;
- 24 non-perishable items: no record found of their return;
- 3 items not tested;
- 2 items not referenced in either report (286C: 13 and 15).

Question: Are there other return records for deliveries 286 (20 items), 286A (3 items) and 286B (1 item)?

Notes:
1. Free translation - NOT literal.
2. The word 'DOWN' [Pêlos] is used in addition to 'HAIR' [Cabelos] - I presume that in Portuguese this distinguishes between real head/underarm/genital hair [cabelos] and bum-fluff or fine, immature body hair - OR - Cabelos may signify head-hair only and Pêlos signifies all other body hair. A real Portuguese speaker will have to clarify if needed.

EDIT: 7/12/08: Confirmed with a Portuguese friend:
"Cabelos" is used only for hair from the head; "Pêlos" is used for all other body hair.

3. Sometimes verb tenses swung from past to present and back again within a paragraph, and to the future in one case. As far as possible, I tried to be faithful to the verb tenses as written.
============================
Witness deposition: Andrew Lloyd Palmer; Age: Older than 18 years
Profession: Forensic scientist
Address: FSS
References: FSS: 300655190, 400972691; Client: Operation TASK
CJS/URN: 07/06085

I declare that:
This deposition (comprising five pages signed by me) is the truth, to the best of my knowledge, and that I give it knowing that, if it should be presented as evidence, I would be subject to legal penalty should I have declared anything that I know to be false or that I think is not true;
I declare also that,
I am expert in the field of forensic sciences and that I was asked to give a deposition. I confirm that I have read the guidelines contained in the document Disclosure: Expert's evidence and unused material, that specifies my functions and documents my responsibilities, with respect to disclosure as an expert witness.
[NOTE: Here I skipped the rest of the legal mumbo-jumbo to get to the meat of the deposition]
Signed 9 November 2007

Qualifications and experience
I am a qualified Chartered Biologist [Footnote 6 states: The highest professional level achievable] and a member of the Biological Institute. I have 25 years experience as aforensic scientist . During this period I have examined hundreds of objects in the detection of blood, semen, saliva, fibres, hair, down and other trace material derived from [human] contact. I have been present at many crime scenes, having given technical opinions in various cases involving the detection of blood and the interpretation of samples of blood spots/specks. I have drafted reports and have given depositions in numerous cases of homicide, sexual violence and other cases involving the transfer of body fluids and the interpretation of the results of DNA profiles. I am a forensic ?doctor/practitioner?, registered with the Order [presumably of Forensic Medecine], specialising in DNA analysis, body fluids, capillary distribution [system of blood flow around the human body], down, hair and fibres.
Laboratory reference
The lab reference of this case is 300655190
Objects received
According to the lab records of 7 August and 6 September 2007 the objects referred to in this report entered the FSS laboratory in Birmingham, having been remitted by the Police Science Laboratory of Portugal and by the Leicestershire (UK) Police, respectively.
Objective
The objective of my examination was to determine if down or hair was recovered from the Renault Scenic 59-DA-27 and, if affirmative, to determine if those may have come from Madeleine McCann.
Mobilisation of scientific support people
The examination of the objects in this case was done with the assistance of scientific support people. A list of those people, together with a brief description of the work that each performed, is in the Forensic ExaminationRecord/Register, which I present as exhibit ALP/1. It is a complete record of all work done, together with notes made during the examination. These notes are available in the lab for verification, if necessary.
Examination and results
Reference objects
I received [obtained] information from the pillow-case SJM/1, the tops SJM2, 4 and 5, and the hairbrush SJM/36 belonging to Madeleine McCann or used by her. The hair found on these objects was used in substitution of [in place of] reference samples of her hair, [which were] not considered to be authentic samples of her hair.

No hair was recovered from the pillow-case SJM/1 nor the hairbrush SJM/36.

A total number of twelve [12] hairs or hair fragments were recovered from the tops SJM/2, SJM/4 and SJM/5. All of these appeared to be hair and not down, being mainly blonde in colour. One of the hairs was brown and distinctly darker than the other hairs, suggesting, at the least, that this was a hair from someone else.

The remaining eleven hairs/fragments varied in length from 4 millimetres to 45 millimetres [~1/8" to ~1,3/4"]. I could not conclude that all hairs were from the same person. If they had been from Madeleine McCann, then they are not representative/typical/characteristic of a sample of her hair, given the length of that seen in photographs of her.

Objects from the Renault Scenic - licence plate 59-DA-27
The following objects recovered from the scenic were subjected to examination:
1A, 1B, 1C, 1D,
2A, 2B, 2C, 2D, 2E,
3,
4A, 4B, 4C,
5A, 5B, 5C,
6A, 6B, 6C,
7A, 7B, 7C,
8A, 8B, 8C,
9 and
11 (2 objects).

There were more than two hundred hairs, down or fragments of hair and down. The majority appeared to be different from the blonde reference hairs recovered from SJM2, 4 and 5. Furthermore, no blonde hair consistent with that seen in photographs of Madeleine McCann was found.

Approximately 15 hairs, down or fragments were blonde and fair, presenting a similarity with the reference material. All were of insufficient length to make a solid [definitive] comparison. Furthermore, they are too short to do mitocondrial DNA tests. Folicle root material is insufficient for standard DNA tests.

Four hairs - one from 7B and three from 7C - were sent for Low Copy Number DNA testing. The results of those tests will be presented by my colleague John Lowe.

Conclusion
In the objects recovered from the Scenic, there were around 15 blonde/fair hairs similar to the reference hairs from SJM2, 4 and 5. However, as it was not possible to do solid [definitive] or significant [forensically meaningful] tests it is not possible for me to determine if, or not, these could have been from Madeleine McCann.

The conclusions expressed in the present deposition are based on information available at the date of the examination. In the case that there are changes to that information, or additional information becomes available, it may be necessary to reconsider my interpretation and conclusions. That re-evaluation will be most effective when done immediately prior to any judgement.

A.L. Palmer

Translated by Lieve Van Loock.

============ END OF DEPOSITION ==========

Ines wrote:
Processos Vol 10

Pages 2641 to 2654

Service Information

To: The Coordinator of the Criminal Investigation Gonçalo Amaral

From: Ricardo Paiva, Inspector

Subject: Laboratory Examinations – Forensic Report

Date: 2007.09.14

In the course of the current investigation identified above, in which we are investigating the disappearance of Madeleine McCann, examinations of DNA profile and samples, collected by this PJ, were carried out at the Birmingham Forensic Laboratory in the U.K.

The partial results of those forensic tests were communicated to this police force by Superintendent Stuart Prior, Police liaison from Leicestershire, via emails from that laboratory and from a partial Forensic Report dated August 07 of 2007.

However, it was verified that due to an oversight of that laboratory, in the aforementioned forensic report, there are inconsistencies with what was related previously in emails sent from a forensic specialist to Superintendent Stuart Prior. For this reason, the English authorities suggest that we await the final report from the laboratory to be sent to this police force, with the conclusion of the results of the laboratory forensic analyses that are still being carried out.

I hereby send you the forensic report referred to, in English with a respective translation for your perusal.

Signed,
Inspector Ricardo Paiva



(Note:The FSS report that follows this note is dated 6th September 2007)


Copied here from thread 'PJ Service Information' viewtopic.php?f=39&t=29823

Alternative translation by Astro, copied from http://joana-morais.blogspot.com/2009/0 ... -page.html

SERVICE INFORMATION

Process: 201/07.0 GALGS
Date: 2007.09.14

To: Criminal Investigation Coordinator, Lic. Gonçalo Amaral
From: Ricardo Paiva, Inspector

Subject: Laboratorial exams – Forensics Report

During the course of the ongoing investigation within the abovementioned inquiry, which investigates the disappearance of Madeleine McCann, the Forensics Laboratory of Birmingham, in England, has carried out DNA profile analyses on samples that were collected by this Police force.

The partial results of said forensics analyses have been communicated to this police throughout the course of the investigation by Detective Superintendent Stuart Prior, a liaison officer for the Leicestershire Police, through emails from that laboratory and a partial Forensics Report that is dated August 7, 2007.

Nevertheless, it was verified that due to a lapse from that laboratory, the cited Forensics Report contained inconsistencies with what had previously been reported by a forensics expert in the emails that were received by Superintendent Stuart Prior, this being the reason why the English authorities suggested that we await the laboratory’s Final Report, which will be delivered to this Police Force when the lab forensics analyses, which are still being carried out, are concluded.

Therefore, I send you the cited Forensics Report in English language, with the corresponding translation, for whichever purpose you may find convenient.

The Inspector,

(Ricardo Paiva)

Processos Vol. XIII p. 3933

Ricardo Manuel Gonçalves Paiva

De: Ricardo Manuel Gonçalves Paiva
Enviado: quarta-feira, 31 de Outubro de 2007 17:20
Para: 'Prior Stuart'
Assunto: Madeleine McCann's investigation - Questons to the Birmingham Laboratory
Anexos: Ricardo Manuel Gonçalves Paiva.vcf; Solicitação exames Inglaterra.doc; Informação remessa pijama para inglaterra.doc

Hello, good afternoon Stuart!

As previously agreed with you on the phone, here I send the questions

to be officially posed to the Forensic Laboratory of Birmingham, that

will be included in the Letter of Request.

Best regards,

Inspector Ricardo Paiva

Processos Vol XIII

Pages 3578 to 3590 (in English, PJ translation I presume)
Same text also in Vol XIII pages 3940 to 3948.

(Note: There is no date for this correspondence, neither is there a reference as to whom it is addressed).


a. List of samples collected from 5A and examined and report of events and evidence collected

On May 3rd 2007, under unknown circumstances, a child – Madeleine Beth McCann – went missing from the apartment she was sharing with her parents, brother and sister, at the resort “Ocean Club”, located in Praia da Luz, Lagos.

At a first stage of the investigation, confronted with the disappearance, while considering that the child could have walked out of the apartment, on her own, and could have got lost in the area, the abduction theory was the one which achieved more consistency, partly due to the parents suspicions. After police intervention, the searches already started furthered and progressively enlarged to gradually farther distant area, with the involvement of search dog teams and numerous human resources.

During that stage of the investigation, the apartment was searched by members of the Crime Scene Team from the Laboratorio de Policia Cientifica [Police Forensic Science Laboratory] of the Portuguese Criminal Police, and samples were collected. Those samples, namely hair and a sperm stain, were sent to the National Institute of Legal Medicine (INML)to be analysed taking into account the DNA profile of the missing child-that had been provided-, as well as one of her parents and the ones of friends who belonged to a common group, and who went to the above mentioned tourist resort following previous arrangements among them.

Following the forensic tests carried out at INML, some DNA were obtained which linked profiles of some people within the group of friends, to the profiles of the child’s parents and even to the profiles of other people at the site. Until this moment, unidentified mitochondrial DNA profiles were also obtained. On the other hand, it was possible to define the autosomic STR profile of the sperm stain detected on the bedspread of one of the beds in the bedroom from where the child went missing. It has been already checked that there is no matching between the obtained genetic profile and the profile of the various samples of reference, which include the ones of the parents, friends, and others. Therefore, that DNA profile is now being forwarded to you, so that it can be inserted in your database, with the request that you check if it matches any of the genetic profiles from 3 British citizens who had stayed in the apartment in question, before the McCanns started to use that apartment on May 3rd, 2007.

Thus, and considering the submitted samples, which preliminary report has already been forwarded to us, and in order to provide a better outline and classification, we hereby indicate the data and the circumstances of that sample collection. Furthermore, we also enclose some queries which answers we would like you to include in your final report. We are looking forward to receiving it and we appreciate it could be submitted to us as soon as possible.

b) Samples collected in the living room of the apartment 5A, block A, Ocean Club, tourist resort – Praia da Luz, Lagos, on August 1st, 2007, following the examination carried out by a British specialist dog team. Delivery note no. 286/2007 –CR/L):

1. Pieces of tile number 1.
2. Pieces of tile number 2.
3. Pieces of tile number 3.
4. Pieces of tile number 4.
5. Pieces of tile identified next to tile number 1.
6. Pieces of skirting board number 1.
7. Pieces of skirting board number 2.
8. Pieces of skirting board identified between skirting boards 2 and 3.
9. Pieces of skirting board number 3.
10. Pieces of skirting board number 4.
11. Pieces of the skirting board identified next to skirting board 1.
12. Pieces of the skirting board identifies next to skirting board 4.
13. Residues/small fragments from the area of the collected skirting boards.
14. Residues/small fragments from the are of the collected tiles.
15. Existing grout between the tiles and the upper area of the collected tiles.
16. Existing grout around tile 1.
17. Existing grout around tile 2.
18. Existing ground around tile 3.
19. Existing grout around tile 4.
20. Residues of tiles, cement-glue and existing grout in the area from where the tiles were collected.
21. Fragments of bushes.

Mouth swabs collected from the below mentioned crime scene examiners are also added hereby. Those examiners carried out the sample collections aimed at identifying possible contamination.
22. Two mouth swabs from Fernando Jose Silva Viegas.
23. Two mouth swabs from Lino Manuel Lima Henriques.
24. Two mouth swabs from Bruno Jorge P Ossidonio Mendes Antunes.

b) Samples collected in the living room of the apartment 5A, block A, Ocean Club, tourist resort, Praia da Luz, Lagos, on August 3rd, 2007, following the second examination carried out by a British specialist dog team (Delivery note no. 286B/2007-CR/L):

1. A piece of fabric from white curtain next to a window in the living room.
C) Samples collected in the living room of the apartment 5A, block A, Ocean Club tourist resort, Praia Da Luz, Lagos, on August 4th , 2007, following the second examination carried out by a British specialist dog team (Delivery note no. 286A/2007-CR/L):
1A. Stain on the floor collected using a dry swab.
1B. Stain on the floor collected using a swab, wet with distilled water.
2A. Stain on the floor collected using a dry swab.
2B. Stain on the floor collected using a swab, wet with distilled water.
3A. Stain on the floor collected suing a dry swab.
3B. Stain on the floor collected using a swab, wet with distilled water.
4A. Stain on the floor collected using a dry swab.
4B. Stain on the floor collected using a swab, wet with distilled water.
5A. Stain on the wall using a dry swab.
5B. Stain on the wall collected using a swab wet with distilled water.
6A. Stain on the floor collected using a dry swab.
6B. Stain on the wall collected using a swab wet with distilled water.
7A. Stain on the floor collected using a dry swab.
7B. Stain on the wall collected using a swab wet with distilled water.
8A. Stain on the floor collected using a dry swab.
8B. Stain on the wall collected using a swab wet with distilled water.
9A. Stain on the floor collected using a dry swab.
9B. Stain on the wall collected using a swab wet with distilled water.
10A. Stain on the floor collected using a dry swab.
10B. Stain on the wall collected using a swab wet with distilled water.
11A. Stain on the floor collected using a dry swab.
11B. Stain on the wall collected using a swab wet with distilled water.
12A. Stain on the floor collected using a dry swab.
12B. Stain on the wall collected using a swab wet with distilled water.
13A. Stain on the floor collected using a dry swab.
13B. Stain on the wall collected using a swab wet with distilled water.
14A. Stain in the rear of a sofa collected using a dry swab.
14B. Stain on the wall behind a sofa collected using a swab wet with distilled water.
15A. Stain in the rear of a sofa collected using a dry swab.
16. Two curtains made of blue fabric.
16B. One curtain made of white fabric, and a blue coloured tieback.

d) Samples collected in the metallic grey Renault Scenic vehicle, number plate 59-Da-27, on August 6th, 2007, following the second examination carried out by a British specialist dog team (Delivery note no. 286C/2007-CR/L):

1A. Head hair collected from the driver’s seat.
2A. Head hair collected to the right of passenger’s seat.
2B. Head hair collected from the floor next to the right front passenger’s seat.
3. Head hair collected between the front seats.
4A. Head hair collected from the left area of the back seat.
5A. Head hair collected from the middle area of the back seat.
6A. Head hair collected from the right area of the back seat.
7A. Head hair collected from the left seat of the luggage area.
8A. Head hair collected from the right seat of the luggage area.
9. Head hair collected from the vehicle luggage area.

1D. Nail fragment collected in the floor in front of the driver’s seat.
2E. Nail fragment collected in the floor in front of the driver’s seat.

1B. Fibres and possible head hair from the back of the driver’s seat.
1C. Fibres and possible head hair from the bottom of the driver’s seat.
2C. Fibres and possible head hair from the back of the right front passenger’s seat.
2D. Fibres and possible head hair from the bottom of the right front passenger’s seat.
4B. Fibres and possible head hair from the back in the left area of the back seat.
4C. Fibres and possible head hair from the bottom in the left area of the back seat.
5B. Fibres and possible head hair from the back in the middle area of the back seat.
5C. Fibres and possible head hair from the bottom in the middle area of the back seat.
6B. Fibres and possible head hair from the back in the right area of the back seat.
6C. Fibres and possible head hair from the bottom in the right area of the back seat.
7B. Fibres and possible head hair from the back of the left seat in the vehicle luggage area.
7C. Fibres and possible head hair from the bottom in the left area of the back seat.
8B. Fibres and possible head hair from the back of the right seat in the vehicle luggage area.
8C. Fibres and possible head hair from the bottom of the right seat in the vehicle luggage area.
11. Fibres and possible head hair in the rear shelf/luggage cover.
13. Pattern sample of the fabric covering the vehicle seats.


Material identified during the inspection carried out by the specialist dog team:

10. Parts of the vehicle luggage area.
12. Vehicle ignition key.


We also enclose mouth swabs and pattern samples taken from the clothes worn by the Portuguese fingerprint expert, Pedro Miguel Filipe Goncalo Vilhena, who drove the vehicle under examination, with a view to allowing for possible contamination screening.

14. Two mouth swabs from Pedro Miguel Filipe Goncalo Vilhena.
15. Pattern samples taken from the clothes worn by Pedro Miguel Filipe Goncalo Vilhena.

Queries:
As for trace evidence in the Delivery Note no. 286/207-CR/L is regarded, we request that:
• the biological traces concerning items 1 to 20 be researched, and their nature and respective DNA profiles determined (if possible).
• the blood traces concerning item 21 be researched, and their respective DNA profiles determined.

As far as the trace evidence in the Delivery Note no. 286B/2007 – R/L is concerned, we hereby request that any biological evidence be researched, and its nature and respective DNA profiles determined (if possible).

As for the trace evidence in the Delivery note no. 286A/2007-CR/L, we request that
• The nature of biological trace evidence concerning items 1A to 15B be determined (if possible), as well as its respective DNA profiles.
• The biological trace evidence regarding items 16 and 16B be researched, and its nature and respective DNA profiles determined (if possible).

As regards the trace evidence in the Delivery Note no. 286C/2007-CR/L, we hereby request you to:
• Determine whether head hair samples 1A, 2A, 2B, 3, 4A, 5A, 6A, 7A, 8A, and 9, as well as occasional head hairs contained in items 1B, 1C, 2C, 2D, 4B, 4C, 5B, 5C, 6B, 6C, 7B, 7C, 8B, 8C, and 11 originate from ante mortem or post-mortem deposition;
• Determine its respective DNA profiles, as well; and in case some of these samples are identified as belonging to the missing child, provide a toxicological research for any medicinal substances present therein;
• Determine the respective DNA profiles regarding items 1D and 2E;
• Research biological trace evidence concerning items 10 and 12, and determine (if possible) its biological nature and respective DNA profiles;
• Compare fibres present in items 1B, 1C, @C, 2C, 4B, 4C, 5B, 5C, 6B, 6C, 7B, 7C, 8B, 8C, and 11 with the pyjamas items in the Delivery Note no. 397/2007-CR/L. taking into account the standard samples from the fabric covering the vehicle seats (items 13) and the vehicle driver’s clothing (items 15).

We further request the DNA profile comparison concerning the English citizens that stayed in the apartment throughout 2007, where the above-referred sperm stain was found.
-FAWKES, SIMON ANDREW
-DAMBROSIO, CARLO
-GORDON, PAUL ANTHONY

With the DNA profile

D3S1358 15-18 CSFIPO 10-11
HUMTHOI 9.3 Penta D 9
D21511 29-32.2 VWA 18
D18551 17-18 D8S1179 12-13
Penta E 7-8 TPOX 11
D5S818 12-13 Fibra 20-24
D13S317 12-14 D2SI338 18-25
D75820 10-12 D19S433 13-15
D16S539 11 Amelogemine XY

Obtained by the INML, IP from a bedspread of a bed located next to the window of the children’s bedroom in Apartment 5A, block A, in the Ocean Club, tourist resort, Praia da Luz, Lagos, with the results obtained by this laboratory.

At last, we request a reply as regards the previous queries concerning the collected mouth swabs from NEIL BERRY and RAJINDER RAJ SING BALU, as well as their DNA profiles comparisons with the results obtained in that laboratory, and also the comparison with the mitochondrial DNA profiles already submitted.

Best Regards,
Criminal Investigation Superior Coordinator

Paulo Rebelo

*****Page 3590*****
Further to our previous message regarding dates and circumstances concerning the collection of the evidence to be examined in your laboratory, along with the enclosed queries, we further inform you that a pair of pyjamas will be later handed over (delivery note 397/2007-CR/L), similar to those Madeleine Beth McCann was wearing when she went missing.

Best regards,
Criminal Investigation Superior Coordinator

Paulo Rebelo

Cartas Rogatorias Vol 8

Pages 5 - 7


FSS – Forensic Science Service
(Scientific Service Forensics)

REPORT ON ANALYSES

This is the report on the results found in relation to the disappearance of Madeleine McCann, compiled by JONH (sic) ROBERT LOWE BSc Cbiol MIBiol RFP
Forensic Science Service Ltd
Birmingham Laboratory, Priory House, Gooch
Street North, Birmingham, B5 6QQ
Tel. 0121 607 6973
e-mail: john.lowe@fss.pnn.police.uk

The report consists of three pages and explains the work carried out in the following case:

Reference:
FSS Reference: 300 655 190 / 401 020 769
Client reference: Operation Task
Date: 22nd May 2008

Dear Sir

The purpose of this report is to summarise the results of various search information, carried out using the National DNA Data Base and the implementation of information from the monotorised data base.

The LCN DNA profile previously obtained from the following data submitted, were subjected to one single search by the National DNA Database.

The information contained in this report is the result of the examination work done in the abovementioned case. The discoveries and results of the examination were recorded and retained according to the “Disclosure” manual: Forensic evidence and material not used. The information contained in this report is not destined to be used as proof and it is agreed that if this report or any information contained in it would have the aim of being used as a proof for defence, it would be necessary for me to make a statement in accordance with s9 or s10 CJA 1967.

286A/2007/CRL1A & B
286A/2007/CRL4A & B
286A/2007/CRL9A & B
286A72007/CRL16A & B


Numerous similarities were returned to the National DNA Database for the DNA profile obtained from 286A/2007/CRL4A & B; I used additional information within the results that do not serve for inclusion in the search parameters in order to eliminate all of them, except for two of these similarities. The two remaining similarities were recorded with the bar code 90264515 & 90374723. These samples are DNA profiles obtained using the old SGM system which examines 6 areas of DNA. The new system SGMplus examines these 6 areas as well as four more areas. If these two profiles were updated, in my opinion they would also be eliminated as possible DNA providers, given the result obtained from 286A/2007/CRL4A & B.

Numerous similarities were sent to the National DNA database for the DNA profile obtained from 286A/2007/CRL9A & B, I used additional information within the results but they did not serve for inclusion in the search parameters, in order to eliminate these similarities.

Numerous similarities were sent to the National DNA database for the DNA profile obtained from 286A/2007/CRL16A & B, I used additional information within the results but they did not serve for inclusion in the search parameters, in order to eliminate these similarities.

Just for information purposes, a data base was constructed with voluntary samples, with the aim of obtaining monotorised information. In accordance with the available registers, the data base consists of 286 voluntary samples, four of which were rejected. The voluntary DNA profiles were compared to the following samples:

286A/2007/CRL1A & B
286A/2007/CRL4A & B
286A/2007/CRL9A & B
286A/72007/CRL16A & B

The voluntary samples were also compared to “crime stain 1), a DNA profile obtained by Portuguese scientists using their DNA profile system. The profile was recuperated from a suspected semen stain taken from a blanket from apartment 5 A.

From the available registers I conclude that 281 voluntary samples were eliminated as DNA contributors in relation to the list of profile searches mentioned above, given that the profile does not coincide with the profile found, in this sequence the DNA cannot originate from them.



But I conclude that, the DNA profiles obtained from the “crime stain 1” and 286A/2007/CRL9A & B coincide with C******* G****** (bar code 51156964).

I believe that C***** G***** was born on 29th Jan 2005 and if this is the case, in my opinion, the DNA profile obtained from “crime stain 1” is not a result from semen found on the blanket.


If you require more information regarding this, please do not hesitate to contact me.

John Lowe

From Rogatory Letter sent to the UK

Cartas Rogatorias Vol II

Page 122

Questions for FSS

P 122

XVIII To request the original copies of the examinations made by the FSS, as well as the proceedings that led to the conclusions obtained, along with the answers to the queries on the Official Letter (enclosed – document A) requesting forensic examinations, which in the meantime, has already been sent by email to the FSS.


XIX Complementary request in the scope of the abovementioned official letter, to compare all the profiles obtained in the tests already carried out, with those in the British national database.

XX To request the comparison of all the obtained profiles with Madeleine McCann’s reliable reference samples (demonstrated to belong to her).

Outros Apensos Vol I

Page 269 - 270

Information


With the aim of providing the Police Scientific Laboratory with the DNA profile of Madeleine McCann, in order to be able to carry out comparisons with DNA that have been identified in the examinations requested, within the sphere of collaboration that exists between the PJ and the UK authorities, I telephoned Mr José de Freitas, a New Scotland Yard Officer, whom I asked to email me the child’s DNA profile which was determined in analyses carried out in a UK laboratory, previously referred to in a letter that is part of this process.

In reply to my request, Mr José de Freitas sent me the email, I am immediately sending a copy to the Director of the Scientific Police Laboratory, Sra Saudade Nunes.

Portimao 1st October 2007

Inspector Paolo Ferreira



Followed by email (with an attachment)

From José de Freitas
New Scotland Yard to Inspector Ferreira


Inspector Ferreira,


DNA profile of Madeleine McCann that was collected in her parents house in England.


Regards


José de Freitas
New Scotland Yard

Outros Apensos

Vol I Pages 273 – 274

Emails

22nd May 2007, 16.06

Dear all,

Please see email below. Could you please push this batch through tonight.

Thanks.



22nd May 2007. 14.58

To: Auto BF Team Leaders

FW: Submission.

All,

See below. We are expecting an unpaid P1 submission from the Madeleine McCann case coming in tonight.

Process supervisor
DNA Trident Court




From: S. Vraitch

22nd May 2007 14.48

Hi,

Just to inform you both that I have an uncharged premium one today to start tomorrow in the case of Madeleine McCann.

The details are as follows:

300655190
400895869

Item SJM/1 – one stain from pillow case for cells.

Many thanks SV
Forensic Scientist.

Outros Apensos Vol I

Page 275

B15 Crime Stain Sample Logging Form

Document reference FSS – TP – 234

Priory House

Date submitted: 22-05-2007

Sample type: Saliva (Misc)

Sample category : PI (uncharged)

Number of attempts: One only


Area description: Stain 1 pillowcase.

Comments: To be used as a surrogate reference sample.


Created on 22-05-2007

Updated page http://themaddiecasefiles.com/post276.html#p276

Text including screenshots now reads:

Volume XII pages 3195 - 3206. Screenshots.
See also http://www.gerrymccannsblogs.co.uk/PJ/5A_EDDIE-KEELA.htm
With many thanks to Albym.

Report with pictures of the samples/evidence (as indicated by Eddie and Keela) collected in apt. 5A on august 1, 2007, and delivered to the FSS. Last two pages are in English.

Expert Examination 200711732-CR/L
Requester: DIC Portimao Policia Judiciaria
Case: 201/07.0GALGS
Fax: 638 dated 10 August 2007
Examination date: 1 August 2007

Inquiry: This is the report of the recovery of trace evidence from Apartment 5A, Block A, tourist resort "Ocean Club" - Praia da Luz, Lagos, from where there occurred, on 3 May 2007, the disappearance of a minor of English nationality.

Observations and Analyses Performed.
On 1 August 2007, at 20h00, a crime laboratory team comprising the signatories
went, at the request of DIC Portimao PJ, to a residence at [the above address] in
order to collect trace evidence from the place.

There follow photographs of the outside of the apartment from where trace evidence
was recovered as well as the detail thereof.

Photo 1: Location of the apartment

https://2img.net/h/i191.photobucket.com/albums/z10/rangeeni/bioXII3195.jpg

Photos 2 through 8: External shots of the front and side of the apartment.

According to information provided by the DIC of Portimao, on 31 July 2007 a search
had been performed inside the apartment using English police dogs one specialised in
the detection of traces of human blood and the other in the detection of human
cadaver scent.

They informed further that in that search the animal specialised in detection of human blood indicated the possible presence thereof on one of the floor tiles in the living room and that the dog specialised in detection of human cadaver odour had detected the presence thereof in the couple's bedroom and in the back garden of the apartment.

Because of this it was also asked of the undersigned that they entered into contact
with an English scientific advisor, named Jonathan Smith, who indicated which traces
should be collected and the best way to proceed with their collection.

In that contact the undersigned were told that they should [OCR error: missing word
taken to be "proceder": to proceed] proceed with the recovery of the floor tiles
indicated by the dog specialised in the detection of human blood, with the recovery of hair in the corridor [pathway] that exists in the area of the back garden next to the window of the couple's bedroom, with the recovery of several pieces of the branches of the climbing plant in the garden (for later check of possible blood traces on them) and with the recovery of possible fibres on the garden wall next to the climbing plant.

He advised further that after the recovery of the tiles the animal specialised in
detection of human blood should perform another search of the area from where the
tiles had been recovered to verify [check for] the existence of possible human blood in the area from where the tiles had been lifted.

Subsequently it was asked of the undersigned that they watched the films of the
searches performed by the dog specialised in detection of human blood so that they
obtained an understanding of the area from where the tiles should be collected and
how many tiles they should collect.

After seeing the images and in agreement with the officers of DIC of Portimao it was
defined that the undersigned should proceed with the recovery of four tiles. It was
also defined that this operation of recovery of the tiles would also be filmed.

When looking at the images referred to above it was observed that the floor tiles to be recovered were situated in an area of the living room next to a window where there was a sofa and that the tiles referred to were underneath that sofa.

https://2img.net/h/i191.photobucket.com/albums/z10/rangeeni/bioXII3196.jpg

https://2img.net/h/i191.photobucket.com/albums/z10/rangeeni/bioXII3197.jpg

Photos 9 through 11: Detailed shots of the living room area and floor area from which the tiles should be collected.

As requested by investigating officers of the DIC of Portimao it was performed the
lifting and respective recovery of the four tiles and of the skirting board next to them
(they being identified with numbers 1 to 4) using a tile trimmer, a flat chisel [spelling
mistake in report: "escopo" should be "escopro"] and a hammer.

After the recovery of the four tiles and the skirting board the dog specialised in the
detection of traces of human blood was put into the area from where the tiles had
been recovered, the English police officer who coordinated the movement of the dog,
Martin Grime, having informed the undersigned that they should proceed with the
recovery of another piece of tile that was close to the area from where the tile
identified as number 1 had been lifted, that terminating the recovery of the tiles
signalled by the dog. As requested the undersigned performed the lifting of and the
recovery of the piece of tile indicated.

https://2img.net/h/i191.photobucket.com/albums/z10/rangeeni/bioXII3198.jpg

Photos 12 through 14: Detail of the floor tiles numbered 1 to 4 (from different
perspectives) [before lifting].

https://2img.net/h/i191.photobucket.com/albums/z10/rangeeni/bioXII3199.jpg

Photos 15 through 16: Detail of the floor area [after lifting] and the additional piece of tile (shown by the red arrow) indicated by the second check by the dog.

After the lifting of the tiles they were encased in 20 paper packages as follows
[summarised]:
Items 1 to 4: Tile fragments
Item 5: Additional tile fragment
Items 6 to 12: Skirting board fragments
Item 13: Residues/small fragments from skirting board area
Item 14: Dust/small fragments from tile area
Items 16 to 19: Grouting/mortar from between tiles, and between tiles and wall
Item 20: Small tile fragments with cement/mortar

Subsequently, as previously determined, there proceeded the collection of various
hairs from the ground of the pathway in the garden area next to the window of the
couple's bedroom, they having been encased in a paper package referenced as trace
evidence number 25.

After the above there proceeded the collection of several branches of the climbing
plant in the garden they having been encased in a paper package referenced as trace evidence number 21 and of possible fibres on a wall of the apartment garden, next to the climbing plant, using six Crystal-Tabs appropriate for this they having been referenced as trace evidence number 26.

https://2img.net/h/i191.photobucket.com/albums/z10/rangeeni/bioXII3200.jpg

https://2img.net/h/i191.photobucket.com/albums/z10/rangeeni/bioXII3201.jpg

Photos 17 through 19: Pictures of the garden area from which the above evidence was collected.

Conclusions:
On 1 August 2007 the following trace evidence was collected from [the apartment and garden] as better described in the report:
[the list of collected items is repeated]

Further, oral swabs of the undersigned and Specialist Bruno A. were collected and
referenced as trace evidence 22, 23 and 24.

As requested by officers of the DIC of Portimao:

- the packages numbered 1 to 24 were delivered to the FSS in Birmingham, UK under
cover of delivery note 286/2007-CR/L, a copy of which is annexed, for later laboratory examination;

- the package numbered 25 was delivered to the LPC biology laboratory under cover
of delivery note 304A/2007-CR/L, a copy of which is annexed, for preservation;

- the packages referenced as number 26 were delivered to the LPC biology laboratory under cover of delivery note 304B/2007-CR/L, a copy of which is annexed, for preservation.

Lisboa, 27 September 2007.
[Signed] Fernando V. and Lino H.


https://2img.net/h/i191.photobucket.com/albums/z10/rangeeni/bioXII3202.jpg

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https://2img.net/h/i191.photobucket.com/albums/z10/rangeeni/bioXII3203bis.jpg

https://2img.net/h/i191.photobucket.com/albums/z10/rangeeni/bioXII3204.jpg

https://2img.net/h/i191.photobucket.com/albums/z10/rangeeni/bioXII3205.jpg

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